Why Africa’s health-worker shortage is also a jobs problem
The Africa Health Workforce Agenda 2026–2035 commits countries to plan, educate, employ and retain 3 million additional health workers by 2035.[4] Ministers also endorsed a financing strategy focused on domestic resource mobilization, pooled funding, strategic purchasing, public financial management and essential public-health functions.[5] Together, the plans address both service capacity and the financing needed to employ and retain workers.[4][5]
Africa had an estimated 5.72 million health workers in 2024 but only about 46% of the workforce it needs, while the projected shortage could exceed 6 million by 2035 without action.[4] At the same time, about one million trained health professionals are unemployed, and household payments average 35% of current health expenditure, showing that training, employment and financial protection must be tackled together.[4][5]
Key insights
- The workforce agenda shifts the emphasis from producing graduates alone to coordinating education, employment, retention and labour-market planning.[4]
- Closing the workforce gap is estimated to require an additional US$ 4 to US$ 6 per person annually.[4]
- Around 385 million people in the African region are pushed into or deeper into poverty each year by out-of-pocket health spending.[5]
- By 2035, the financing strategy aims for 56% of Member States to show sustained increases in government health spending and 56% to improve financial protection.[5]